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Publication database KNMI

The publication database contains the (co-)authored publications in scientific journals, KNMI reports and other publications

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Publications

  1. Graupel and increased turbulence observed near small-scale intermittent lightning discharges at the top of intense thunderstorms

    Sparkles are defined as intermittent, small-scale lightning discharges near the top of thundersto...

    R van Loon, JD Assink, O Scholten, BM Hare, H Leijnse, AJ van Delden | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP) | 2026
  2. An inter-comparison of inverse models for estimating European CH4 emissions

    Atmospheric inversions are widely used to evaluate and improve inventories of methane (CH4) emis-...

    Eleftherios Ioannidis, Antoon Meesters, Michael Steiner, Dominik Brunner, Friedemann Reum, Isabelle Pison, Antoine Berchet, Rona Thompson, Espen Sollum, Frank-Thomas Koch, Christoph Gerbig, Fenjuan Wang, Shamil Maksyutov, Aki Tsuruta, Maria Tenkanen, Tuula Aalto, Guillaume Monteil, Hong Lin, Ge Ren, Marko Scholze, and Sander Houweling | ESSD | 2026 | 18
  3. Implementation of primary and secondary ice production in EC-Earth3-AerChem: global impacts and insights

    Clouds and aerosol–cloud interactions remain major sources of uncertainty in climate projections....

    M Costa-Surós, M Gonçalves Ageitos, M Chatziparaschos, P Georgakaki, MA Thomas, G Montané Pintó, S Myriokefalitakis, T van Noije, P Le Sager, M Kanakidou, A Nenes, and C Pérez García-Pando | Atmos. Chem. Phys. | 2026 | 26
  4. Treatment of Key Aerosol and Cloud Processes in Earth System Models – Recommendations from the FORCeS Project

    Uncertainty in estimations of the net contribution of anthropogenic aerosol particles, particular...

    I Riipinen, S Talvinen, A Chassaing, P Georgakaki, X Li, C Pérez García-Pando, T Bergman, SM Kommula, U Proske, A Gkouvousis, AP Tsimpidi, M Chatziparaschos , A Neuberger, VA Karydis, SM Calderón, S Romakkaniemi, DG Partridge, T Khadir, L Dada, T van Noije, S Decesari, Ø Seland, P Zieger, F Bender, K Carlslaw, J Cermak, M Costa-Surós, M Gonçalves Ageitos, Y Gramlich, OW Haugvaldstad, E Holopainen, C Hoose, O Jorba, S Kakavas, M Kanakidou, H Kokkola, R Krejci, T Kühn, M Kulmala, P Le Sager, R Makkonen, SEI Manavi, TF Mentel, A Milousis, S Myriokefalitakis, A Nenes, T Nieminen, SN Pandis, D Patoulias, T Petäjä, J Quaas, L Regayre, SMC Scholz, M Schulz, K Skyllakou, R Sousse, P Stier, MA Thomas, JT Villinger, A Virtanen, K Wyser, AML Ekman | Tellus B: Chem. Phys. Meteorol. | 2026 | 78
  5. Weathering Conflict: Impacts and Solutions for Protecting Hydrometeorological Infrastructure during Armed Conflict

    There is limited research on how armed conflict negatively impacts hydrometeorological infrastruc...

    Catalina Jaime, Cornelia Scholz, Adele Young, Erin Coughlan de Perez, and Maarten van Aalst | Weather, Climate, and Society | 2025 | 17
  6. Ground-based tropospheric ozone measurements: regional tropospheric ozone column trends from the TOAR-II/HEGIFTOM homogenized datasets

    Quantifying long-term free-tropospheric ozone trends is essential for understanding the impact of...

    Roeland Van Malderen, Zhou Zang, Kai-Lan Chang, Robin Björklund, Owen R. Cooper, Jane Liu, Eliane Maillard Barras, Corinne Vigouroux, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Thierry Leblanc, Valérie Thouret, Pawel Wolff, Peter Effertz, Audrey Gaudel, David W. Tarasick, Herman G. J. Smit, Anne M. Thompson, Ryan M. Stauffer, Debra E. Kollonige, Deniz Poyraz, Gérard Ancellet, Marie-Renée De Backer, Matthias M. Frey, James W. Hannigan, José L. Hernandez, Bryan J. Johnson, Nicholas Jones, Rigel Kivi, Emmanuel Mahieu, Isamu Morino, Glen McConville, Katrin Müller, Isao Murata, Justus Notholt, Ankie Piters, Maxime Prignon, Richard Querel, Vincenzo Rizi, Dan Smale, Wolfgang Steinbrecht, Kimberly Strong, and Ralf Sussmann | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics | 2025 | 25
  7. Global ground-based tropospheric ozone measurements: reference data and individual site trends (2000–2022) from the TOAR-II/HEGIFTOM project

    Tropospheric ozone trends from models and satellites are found to diverge. Ground-based (GB) obse...

    Roeland Van Malderen, Anne M. Thompson, Debra E. Kollonige, Ryan M. Stauffer, Herman G. J. Smit, Eliane Maillard Barras, Corinne Vigouroux, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Thierry Leblanc, Valérie Thouret, Pawel Wolff, Peter Effertz, David W. Tarasick, Deniz Poyraz, Gérard Ancellet, Marie-Renée De Backer, Stéphanie Evan, Victoria Flood, Matthias M. Frey, James W. Hannigan, José L. Hernandez, Marco Iarlori, Bryan J. Johnson, Nicholas Jones, Rigel Kivi, Emmanuel Mahieu, Glen McConville, Katrin Müller, Tomoo Nagahama, Justus Notholt, Ankie Piters, Natalia Prats, Richard Querel, Dan Smale, Wolfgang Steinbrecht, Kimberly Strong, and Ralf Sussmann | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics | 2025 | 25
  8. Thunderstorm Charge Distribution Determination Using Cosmic Rays Induced Air Showers and Lightning Imaging at LOFAR

    The LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) radio telescope possesses the unique capability to measure ultra-...

    TNG Trinh, O Scholten, R van Loon, BM Hare, JD Assink, et al | Geophysical Research Letters | 2025 | 52
  9. Global retrieval of TROPOMI tropospheric HCHO and NO2 columns with improved consistency based on updated Peking University OMI NO2 algorithm,

    The TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), aboard the Sentinel-5 Precursor (S5P) satellite...

    Zhang, Y., Yu, H., De Smedt, I., Lin, J., Theys, N., Van Roozendael, M., Pinardi, G., Compernolle, S., Ni, R., Ren, F., Wang, S., Chen, L., Van Geffen, J., Liu, M., Cede, A., Merlaud, A., Friedrich, M., Richter, A., Piters, A., Kumar, V., Sinha, V., Wagner, T., Choi, Y., Takashima, H., Kanaya, Y., Irie, H., Spurr, R., Sun, W., and Fabris, L. | Atmos. Meas. Tech. | 2025 | 18
  10. The air-sea interaction (ASI) submesoscale: Physics and impact

    During a 2023 Lorentz Workshop in Leiden, the Netherlands, a diverse community working in atmosph...

    Louise Nuijens, Jacob Wenegrat, Paco Lopez Dekker, Claudia Pasquero, Larry W. O’Neill, Fabrice Ardhuin, Alex Ayet, Peter Bechtold, William Bruch, Lucas C. Laurindo, Xuanyu Chen, Fabien Desbiolles, Ralph Foster, Ivy Frenger, Geet George, Rianne Giesen, Emily E. Hayden, Momme Hell, Suneil Iyer, Josh Kousal, Nathan Laxague, Luc Lenain, Mariana Maia Pacheco, Agostino N. Meroni, Shoshiro Minobe, Caroline Muller, Owen O’Driscoll, Vera Oerder, Nick Pizzo, Dian Putrasahan, Jean-Luc Redelsperger, Lionel Renault, Björn Rommen, Cesar Sauvage, Niklas Schneider, Mingming Shao, Pier Siebesma, Justin Small, Bjorn Stevens, Ad Stoffelen, Ehud Strobach, Peter Sullivan, Elizabeth J. Thompson, LuAnne Thompson, Igor Uchoa, Doug Vandemark, Bia Villas Boas, Bowen Yang, Dongxiao Zhang, Seth Zippel | 2024
  11. Off the grid: utilizing OpenStreetMap for early warning and early action in conflict settings in Sudan

    This study investigates the potential of using OpenStreetMap (OSM) data to understand exposure an...

    Cornelia Scholz, Catalina Jaime, Emmanuel Raju, Erin Coughlan De Perez, Maarten van Aalst | Frontiers in Climate | 2024 | 6
  12. Technical note: Evaluation of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service Cy48R1 upgrade of June 2023

    -

    H. Eskes, A. Tsikerdekis, M. Ades, M. Alexe, A.C. Benedictow, Y. Bennouna, L. Blake, I. Bouarar, S. Chabrillat, R. Engelen, Q. Errera, J. Flemming, S. Garrigues, J. Griesfeller, V. Huijnen, L. Ilic, A. Inness, J. Kapsomenakis, Z. Kipling, B. Langerock, A. Mortier, M. Parrington, I. Pison, M. Pitkänen, S. Remy, A. Richter, A. Schoenhardt, M. Schulz, V. Thouret, T. Warneke, C. Zerefos, V.-H. Peuch | Atmos. Chem. Phys. | 2024 | 24
  13. Letter to Editor regarding “Validation and calibration of aerosol optical depth and classification of aerosol types based on multi-source data over China” by Wang et al. (2023) in Science of the Total Environment

    N/A

    Muhammad Bilal, Janet E. Nichol, Gerrit de Leeuw, Max P. Bleiweiss, Adel S. Aldosary, Muhammad Tauhidur Rahman | Science of the Total Environment | 2024 | 951
  14. Sun-as-a-Star Spectral Line Variability in the 300–2390 nm Wavelength Range

    Combining the near-daily Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument...

    Sergey V. Marchenko, Antje Ludewig, Serena Criscuoli, Khaled Al Moulla, Debi P. Choudhary, Matthew T. DeLand, Greg Kopp, Erwin Loots, Emiel van der Plas, and Pepijn Veefkind | The Astrophysical Journal | 2024 | 977
  15. Heatwave attribution based on reliable operational weather forecasts

    The 2021 Pacific Northwest heatwave was so extreme as to challenge conventional statistical and c...

    Nicholas J Leach, Christopher D Roberts, Matthias Aengenheyster, Daniel Heathcote, Dann M Mitchell, Vikki Thompson, Tim Palmer, Antje Weisheimer, Myles R Allen | Nature Communications | 2024 | 15
  16. Observed Global Changes in Sector-Relevant Climate Extremes Indices—An Extension to HadEX3

    Global gridded data sets of observed extremes indices underpin assessments of changes in climate ...

    Robert J. H. Dunn, Nicholas Herold, Lisa V. Alexander, Markus G. Donat, Rob Allan, Margot Bador, Manola Brunet, Vincent Cheng, Wan Maisarah Wan Ibadullah, Muhammad Khairul Izzat Bin Ibrahim, Andries Kruger, Hisayuki Kubota, Tanya J. R. Lippmann, Jose Marengo, Sifiso Mbatha, Simon McGree, Sandile Ngwenya, Jose Daniel Pabon Caicedo, Andrea Ramos, Jim Salinger, Gerard van der Schrier, Arvind Srivastava, Blair Trewin, Ricardo Vásquez Yáñez, Jorge Vazquez-Aguirre, Claudia Villaroel Jiménez, Russ Vose, Mohd Noor’Arifin Bin Hj Yussof, Xuebin Zhang | Earth and Space Science | 2024 | 11
  17. Assessing nitrogen dioxide in the Highveld troposphere: Pandora insights and TROPOMI Sentinel-5P evaluation

    Nitrogen oxides, particularly NO2, are emitted through a variety of industrial and transport proc...

    Kai-Sikhakhane, R. F., Scholes, M. C., Piketh, S. J., van Geffen, J., Garland, R. M., Havenga, H. and Scholes, R. J. | Atmosphere | 2024 | 15
  18. Recent improvements and maximum covariance analysis of aerosol and cloud properties in the EC-Earth3-AerChem model

    Given the importance of aerosols and clouds and their interactions in the climate system, it is i...

    MA Thomas, K Wyser, S Wang, M Chatziparaschos, P Georgakaki, M Costa-Surós, M Gonçalves Ageitos, M Kanakidou, C Pérez García-Pando, A Nenes, T van Noije, P Le Sager, A Devasthale | Geosci. Mod. Dev. | 2024 | 17
  19. Strong increase in mortality attributable to ozone pollution under a climate change and demographic scenario

    Long-term exposure to ambient ozone (O3) is associated with excess respiratory mortality. Polluti...

    D Akritidis, S Bacer, P Zanis, AK Georgoulias, S Chowdhury, LW Horowitz, V Naik, FM O’Connor, J Keeble, P Le Sager, T van Noije, P Zhou, S Turnock, J West, J Lelieveld, A Pozzer | Environ. Res. Lett. | 2024
  20. Imago onderzoek KNMI 2023

    Wat is de bekendheid, waardering en het imago van het KNMI onder de Nederlandse bevolking en hoe ...

    Martin Siebelhoff, Demi Brama; CHOICE Insights + Strategy | --2023 | pp38
  21. Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) daily and monthly level-3 products of atmospheric trace gas columns

    We introduce the new Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) daily and monthly level-3 prod...

    Chan, K. L., Valks, P., Heue, K.-P., Lutz, R., Hedelt, P., Loyola, D., Pinardi, G., Van Roozendael, M., Hendrick, F., Wagner, T., Kumar, V., Bais, A., Piters, A., Irie, H., Takashima, H., Kanaya, Y., Choi, Y., Park, K., Chong, J., Cede, A., Frieß, U., Richter, A., Ma, J., Benavent, N., Holla, R., Postylyakov, O., Rivera Cárdenas, C., and Wenig, M. | Earth System Science Data | 2023 | 15
  22. Comparison of Empirical and Theoretical Models of the Thermospheric Density Enhancement During the 3–4 February 2022 Geomagnetic Storm

    On 3 February 2022, at 18:13 UTC, SpaceX launched and a short time later deployed 49 Starlin...

    Jianhui He, Elvira Astafyeva, Xinan Yue, Nicholas M. Pedatella, Dong Lin, Timothy J. Fuller-Rowell, Mariangel Fedrizzi, Mihail Codrescu, Eelco Doornbos, Christian Siemes, Sean Bruinsma, Frederic Pitout, Adam Kubaryk | Space Weather | 2023 | 21
  23. Validation of Sentinel-5P TROPOMI tropospheric NO2 products by comparison with NO2 measurements from airborne imaging DOAS, ground-based stationary DOAS, and mobile car DOAS measurements during the S5P-VAL-DE-Ruhr campaign

    Airborne imaging differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS), ground-based stationary DOA...

    Lange, K., Richter, A., Schönhardt, A., Meier, A. C., Bösch, T., Seyler, A., Krause, K., Behrens, L. K., Wittrock, F., Merlaud, A., Tack, F., Fayt, C., Friedrich, M. M., Dimitropoulou, E., Van Roozendael, M., Kumar, V., Donner, S., Dörner, S., Lauster, B., Razi, M., Borger, C., Uhlmannsiek, K., Wagner, T., Ruhtz, T., Eskes, H., Bohn, B., Santana Diaz, D., Abuhassan, N., Schüttemeyer, D., and Burrows, J. P. | Atmos. Meas. Tech. | 2023 | 16
  24. A research product for tropospheric NO2 columns from Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer based on Peking University OMI NO2 algorithm

    Tropospheric vertical column densities (VCDs) of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) retrieved from sun-synchr...

    Yuhang Zhang, Jintai Lin, Jhoon Kim, Hanlim Lee, Junsung Park, Hyunkee Hong, Michel Van Roozendael, Francois Hendrick, Ting Wang, Pucai Wang, Qin He, Kai Qin, Yongjoo Choi, Yugo Kanaya, Jin Xu, Pinhua Xie, Xin Tian, Sanbao Zhang, Shanshan Wang, Siyang Cheng, Xinghong Cheng, Jianzhong Ma, Thomas Wagner, Robert Spurr, Lulu Chen, Hao Kong, and Mengyao Liu | Atmospheric Measurement Technology | 2023 | 16
  25. Small-Scale Discharges Observed Near the Top of a Thunderstorm

    We have used the LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) to image a few lightning flashes during a particular...

    O Scholten, BM Hare, J Dwyer, N Liu, C Sterpka, JD Assink, H Leijnse, S ter Veen | Geophysical Research Letters | 2023